Ground temperature directly affects the growth of crops. Under the background of climate warming, the research on the change of temperature in the shallow ground has an important significance for guiding agricultural production. Based on the air temperature and 0 ~20-cm ground temperature datasets in Jining National Weather Station during 1961-2015, using climate inclination rate, accumulative anomaly, signal to noise, Monte Carlo test and other statistical methods, their annual and seasonal changes and abrupt changes are analyzed. The results show that both the annual and seasonal averages of air temperature and ground temperature display significant warming trend, with a rate of 0.18 ~0.58 ℃ · (10a) ~(-1). The amplitude of ground temperature warming is less than that of air temperature. The maximum increase in ground temperature appears in spring,and that in air temperature appears in winter. Between annual average ground temperature and air temperature there is significant positive correlation, with a correlation coefficient of 0. 87 or more. The maximum correlation coefficient (in spring) is between 20-cm ground temperature and air temperature (0. 93); the minimum (in winter) one is between 5-cm ground temperature and air temperature (0. 87); Changes in extreme values of air temperature and surface temperature are highly significantly correlated,with the maximum correlation coefficient between their average minimum values. The annual average temperature and 15-cm,20-cm average ground temperatures changed abruptly in 1986,0-cm average ground temperature changed abruptly in 1993, with a cold period before shift and a warm period after shift. Since the late 1980s, the variations of air temperature and 20-cm ground temperature have been closest. There were good consistencies in the anomalous year of air temperature and 0-cm ground temperature among the four seasons; the air and ground temperatures in spring,summer and autumn were anomalously high in 2014, 2013 and 1998. The impact of the air temperature anomaly on anomalous ground temperature is smallest in winter.