Global climate change has already led to the drought frequently in Guizhou. Based on the meteorological data from 1951 to 2012 for 19 typical weather stations in Guizhou,drought duration and severity were identified via the SPEI,the Gamma frequency distribution curve of drought duration and drought severity were determined,and the temporal and spatial characteristics of drought duration and drought severity were analyzed. The results show that the Gamma frequency curves had better fitting effects; drought duration and drought severity showed almost the same change on the time series,while there was a big regional difference. Drought frequency,duration and the annual severity were at higher level in the western of Tongren,the northern of Qiannan and the southeastern of Zunyi,these areas had become drought prone in Guizhou. The results had a certain guiding significance for the recognition and partition of drought.