The potential distribution of Laodelphax striatellus in China was predicted by using MaxEnt model and ArcGIS software, to reveal the effect of climate change on the insect. The results showed that, under current climatic conditions,Shanghai, Jiangsu,Tianjin,most of Shandong,east of Anhui,and east of Sichuan were the extremely high risk areas for Laodelphax striatellus in China,and the high risk areas were Hubei,Hunan,Jiangxi,Zhejiang,Guangxi,Guizhou,Chongqing and Henan. In 20112020,with greenhouse gases under the A1b emission scenario, the extremely high risk area of Laodelphax striatellus would increase a little,while the high risk area would decrease significantly. Under A2a emission scenario, the high risk area would also tend to decrease significantly and was mainly distributed in south of the Yangtze River Basin. In 20412050, the extremely high risk area would tend to expand but not significantly under A1b,A2a and B2a emission scenarios,while the high risk area would tend to decrease. Thus,climate change has a great impact on distribution of Laodelphax striatellus in China.