The atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO_2) is a greenhouse gas which plays a dominant role in climate changes and also in some other fields. The remote sensing system for vertical profiles of atmospheric CO_2 was based on non-dispersive infrared gas detection technology, which can transmit data by wireless. The modulated infrared radiation source and dual-channel detector were employed in the system which take advantage of ultra-low consumption MCU to realize automatic control and acquisition. The method of deducting the fluctuation and background noise of signal was proposed, which made the relative error at 0.29% of the detection. And the time-sharing operation mode was adopted to resolve electromagnetic interference (EMI) from high frequency transmitter of radio sounding to the operational amplifier of the CO_2 detection. The digital radio sounding of widely used in meteorology and CO_2 detection were integrated highly. The comparison analysis between self-made CO_2 remote sensing system and LI-COR LI7500 were carried out, preliminary results show that the variation trends of atmospheric CO_2 have good consistency from the two detection systems; the correlation coefficient was 0.89 from 24 hours data. It can be indicated that the self-made system has good constancy and accuracy. The self-made system offers another choice to exploit to measure the vertical profiles of atmospheric CO_2.