At the twenty-first session of the Conference of the Parties (COP21) in Paris in December of 2015, Parties to the UN Framework on Climate Change (UNFCCC) reached a historic agreement (Paris Agreement) to combat climate change and to accelerate and intensify the actions and investments needed for a sustainable low carbon future. Given these, an initiative named 4 initiative: soils for food security and climate" was proposed by French Ministry of Agriculture, and this initiative had been launched officially at the COP21 and signed up by some global organizations. China has the high CO_2 emissions but low soil carbon pool; moreover, there are large uncertainties to estimate the carbon sequestration potential. These factors induce the difficulty of target determination. Therefore, China should defer joining this initiative. The straw pyrolysis carbonization technology may be generalized to improve carbon sequestration, fertilizer use efficiency and greenhouse gas mitigation through the waste management project under national ecological civilization construction in China. This paper also suggests that China puts forward the biomass treatment centered energy-fertilizer-carbon sequestration project to raise the discourse power in the field of climate change.