It was more important that monitoring and research on soil temperature under the background of global warming. Dayekou basin of Qilian Mountains in Gansu,China had been chosen the test basin and studied on spatial variation characteristics of soil temperature in this paper. Results showed that: 1. Soil temperature was volatility declining with altitude increased,and soil temperature reduction was about 0.74 ℃ with the altitude was increased 100 m; 2. The soil temperature was 1.3 times higher on sunny slope than half sunny slope,and 2.2 times higher than half shady slope. The soil temperature was 1.6 times higher on half sunny than half shady slope; 3. The soil temperature decreased with the slope greater; 4. The relation between soil temperature and its depth was S_(dt) = 0.0536 d + 0.0536 (R~2 = 0.994),and every additional 10 cm soil depth,the temperature decreased about 0.536 ℃,and the relation function was linear; 5. The soil temperature under sub alpine was 1.6 times lower than arbor forest,and 2.3 times lower than grassland. The soil temperature under arbor forest was 1.4 times than grassland; 6. From analysis on degree of spatial variation of soil temperature,the variation of soil temperature under sub alpine was the most severe on high altitude and half shady slope,and the variation of soil temperature under grassland was the lowest on low altitude slope and sunny or half sunny slope; The variation of surface soil temperature was most severe,and the variation of temperature under soil lay from 40 cm to 60 cm was the lowest. The research conclusion had provided basic data and resources for river basin water balance and water conservation function,the adjusting and management stand structure and utilization water resources and studying soil water.