In recent years, the increase in world population density and global changes have posed a serious threat to the human survival which involves in the sustainable development of the natural environment and social economy. The large-scale agricultural activities and the excessive utilization of the soil resource also led to new problems of the agricultural production. The vigorous implementation of the monoculture mode has resulted in serious decline in soil quality, soil diseases and pests. Although some progresses have been made with the development of facility agriculture, the soil was subject to many problems such as acidification, salinization, nutrient imbalance and the destruction of microbial community. The cultivation of medicinal plants, crops and vegetables was prone to continuous cropping obstacles which seriously affected the quality and the output. Under the background of the agricultural production problems, the improvement of plant growth and soil quality by rhizosphere management will be very beneficial for alleviating the current and future agricultural and environmental problems. The rhizosphere interactions between plants and soil environment have great potential to improve the soil quality and the efficiency of nutrient utilization by plants. The rhizosphere management, a new regulation pattern, has played important roles in agricultural production, which include the crop diversification, utilization of microbial fertilizer and plant allelopathy. The rhizosphere management is crucial for the improvement of soil quality. This paper reviews the new problems of soil quality under the current agricultural production and their coping strategies. And we look far ahead into the development of rhizosphere management in agricultural production.