In order to reveal the genesis and environmental significance of the subalpine wetlands developed in Jingning She autonomous county, Lishui city, Zhejiang province, this paper first showed a relatively high-resolution of environmental change history based on the comprehensive research on the lithology, dating and pollen-spore records from the sediments of Wangdongyang Wetlands core. The field survey on the regional geomorphology and geology indicated that the occurrences and distributions of the subalpine wetlands were related to the regional plantation surfaces and remained ancient volcanic mechanisms. The identified families and genera of spore-pollen records indicated that the study area had an abundant biodiversity of plants, including 11 species/family of ferns, 8 species/family of gymnosperm trees, 20 species/family of broad-leaved trees, 10 species/family of terrestrial herbs, and 7 species/family of wetland plants. Both pollen-spore assemblages and climatic indices demonstrated that there were 6 stages of paleo-vegetation and paleo-climatic changes during Holocene as follows: (1) depth of 2.84-2.30 m, there occurred a warm-humid climate in the early-middle Holocene, and the zonal vegetation was evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest containing few coniferous trees, and the azonal vegetation was a swamp in the low-lying areas; (2) depth of 2.30-1.67 m, it was a warm-dry climate in the mid-late Holocene, and the zonal vegetation was evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest containing few coniferous trees, and the azonal vegetation was a meadow in the low-lying areas; (3) depth of 1.67-1.50 m, there occurred a cool-dry climate in the Holocene Katathermal, and the zonal vegetation was evergreen coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, and the azonal vegetation was a transition from the meadow to swamp in the low-lying areas; (4) depth of 1.50-1.22 m, there was a warm-humid climate again in the Medieval Warmth Period, and the zonal vegetation was deciduous and evergreen broad-leaved forest, and the azonal vegetation was a swamp in the low-lying areas; (5) depth of 1.22-1.02 m, there existed a cool-wet climate in the early Little Ice Age, and the zonal vegetation was evergreen coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest and the azonal vegetation was a swamp in the low-lying areas; (6) depth of 1.02-0.50 m, there was an alternation of cool-dry and cool-wet climate during the Little Ice Age. The zonal vegetation was evergreen coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest and the azonal vegetation was an alternation of meadows and swamps in the low-lying areas. Our results demonstrated that the integrated processes of landform, climate change and sedimentation gave the birth of the subalpine wetlands. The changes of temperature and humidity had significant effects on the evolution of zonal-azonal vegetation types, respectively. This paper showed an important guidance to the protection of subalpine wetland ecosystems and provided valuable materials on the relation between wetlands deposition response and climate change during Holocene in the eastern China.