【Objective】 This study quantified the contributions of climate change and human activities to runoff change and analyzed the main driving factors in Beiluo River basin to provide reference for water resources management.【Method】 The precipitation,recorded and nature runoff depths from a total of 56 years (1956-2011) in Beiluo River were analyzed to detect the impacts of underlying surface,climate change and other human activities.Mann-Kendall method,runoff coefficient method and precipitation-runoff double cumulative curve method were used to analyze the variation points and obtain the contributions of climate change,underlying surface and human activities.【Result】 The precipitation did not change significantly since 1956,while the runoff had insignificantly decreasing trend.The break points occurred at 1964 and 2001.Based on the break points,the runoff series were divided into 3 portions:underlying surface Ⅰ during 1956-1963,underlying surface Ⅱ during 1964-2000,and phase 3 during 2001-2011.Runoff and precipitation correlations were developed under underlying surface Ⅰ and underlying surface Ⅱ,and used to estimate the runoff series in period 2001-2011.The estimated results showed that the developed precipitation-runoff relations can identify the runoff difference between different underlying surfaces.The difference between underlying surface Ⅰ and underlying surface Ⅱ was -7.00 mm,indicating that the runoff production in underlying Ⅰ was better.Climate change contributed to 40% of runoff change.Human activities were the main driving factor at Beiluo River basin with the contribution of 60%,among which 19% was from underlying surface change and 41% was from other human activities.【Conclusion】 The main driving factor of runoff change was human activities at Beiluo River basin,and the impacts of underlying surface change were also significant.