Objective To explore the relationship between the soil components along the areas of the east route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project and the survival situation of Oncomelania hupensis snails. Methods Four study sites were selected along the project,and soil samples were collected to analyze the components. The amounts of components among the different study sites were compared statistically. Results Except zinc,sodium,and phosphorus,the contents of the soil components where the snails survived were different from those where snails were dead(t =-19.150 to 12.810,all P < 0.01). However,the logistic regression analysis did not obtain a model with statistical significance. Conclusions O. hupensis snails live in the soil with adequate organic matter and neutral pH value. Along with the global warming and the operation of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project,O. hupensis snails may survive in the northern area,and therefore,the surveillance work should be strengthened.