Under the background of global warming,increasing food productivity to ensure food security in China has very important practical significance. Chinese provincial panel data from 1978 to 2012 was used in this study and the climatic yield of grain production was separated using the HP filter method. Then with the assumption of technology will not be forgotten ,sequential DEA was employed to measure technical efficiency, technical progress and the Malmquist productivity index of China s grain production in two cases,considering climate factors or not. We found that climatic yield behaves as an inverted U' type fluctuating around the 0 level, and climate conditions have both positive and negative impacts on grain production. Sequential DEA analysis shows that decision to consider climate factors has a significant impact on measurement results. When climate factors are considered, grain total factor productivity becomes lower, with worse technical efficiency but promoted technological progress. Last but not the least, regional difference in China s grain total factor productivity growth are apparent. Compared with central and western regions,eastern China is better. Therefore,we have every reason to believe that the eastern region basically dominates growth of the grain economy total factor productivity. At the same time,eastern China leads technical innovation in grain production.