Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has a vast territory with complex and varied climate. The study of climate change has certain reference value for the construction of ecological environment and the development and utilization of water resources. Based on the temperature and precipitation data from 70 meteorological stations in Inner Mongolia and its surrounding areas during 1951 - 2014,the characteristics and relationship of temperature and precipitation are analyzed by using the method of cluster and climate tendency rate. The result shows that annual (seasonal) average,minimum and maximum temperature changes in space increase with the increase of the latitude while precipitation is opposite to this trend. The annual changes of various types of temperature show an upward trend,among which the increasing rate of minimum temperature is the fastest. The climate tendency rate of the west,middle and east reached 0.427 ℃·(10a)~(-1)、0.442 ℃·(10a)~(-1)、0.395 ℃·(10a)~(-1) respectively. All kinds of temperature increase apparently in spring (winter) . The overall trend shows that the minimum temperature contributes the most to climate warming. Interannual change of precipitation is pronounced yet the overall trend is inconspicuous. Precipitation in spring shows an upward trend and it increases the fastest in the central area [1.583 mm·(10a)~(-1)],while it shows a downward trend during summer. Annual precipitation and various types of temperature are negatively correlated. Except that during some period the change of annual and seasonal (except for few summers) precipitation in divided regions is consistent with the change of all kinds of temperature,in other time they are opposite to each other. With the increase of temperature and decrease of precipitation,climate in the study area is developing toward warming and drying.