In order to deeply understand the past climate change in the Manas River Basin,in this study the treering cores were collected from four sites in the basin,and they were used to develop four tree-ring width chronologies into the MNS chronology. A transfer function was built to this chronology and the sequence of precipitation from July to next June,the advantage ofleave-one-outwas used to test the reconstruction sequence,the 31-year moving average,standard deviation,running T-test and power spectrum were used to analyze the variations of precipitation, extreme weather,climate mutation,and cycle characteristics of the reconstructed sequence. Main? results? of this? study? were as? follows: Correlation analysis indicated that tree rings were significantly correlated to precipitation from July to next June (r = 0.637,P < 0.000 1). A transfer function was built to reconstruct annual precipitation from July to next June since 1724 A. D. Analysis of precipitation series in the past 289 years (1724-2012 A. D.) showed that there were 6 wet periods and 6 dry periods,and also 8 drought years including 1810, 1823,1824,1885,1910,1944,1945 and 1977; there were the significant periodical cycles of 2.0-2.4,3.3-3.8,17.4,48.0 and 64.0 years; the abrupt change of precipitation occurred in 1780,1807 and 1830. Precipitation change in the Manas River Basin had a good consistency with that in the Tianshan Mountains,and represented the regional precipitation change history in north Xinjiang and most of Central Asia.