Under the conditions of global warming,the problem of navigating in the Arctic sea ice area and the northeast channel is studied. Based on the theory of risk assessment,using sea ice density,wind speed,visibility,temperature and elevation and other data,a risk index system is built. The assessment and zoning of the natural environmental risk (hereinafter referred to as the comprehensive risk) of the main section of the Arctic northeast channel are carried out and the contribution of each index factor to the comprehensive risk is discussed. The study results show that: 1) According to the past experience,the Arctic northeast channel is suitable for navigation from July to October. This paper analyzes the natural environment risk of the northeast channel from the point of view of risk quantification,and verifies the empirical conclusion. 2) The comprehensive risk distribution in the study area is " high in the east and low in the west",that is,the combined risk of the Barents Sea is lower,and the risk of the Grada,Laplch and East Siberia is higher. 3) In the navigable months (July-October),the lowest overall risk is in September,followed by August and July, and the highest comprehensive risk in October. 4) Excluding individual years (2008 and 2009),the combined risk of the study area in 2004 ~ 2015 showed a downward trend and reached its lowest level in 2015.5) Sensitivity analysis: sea ice has the greatest contribution to the comprehensive risk; wind speed and water depth are the second; temperature contributes the least to comprehensive risk.