Based on the meteorological observation data such as daily temperature from Lishui Meteorological Bureau in winter and spring from 1953 to 2015 and the data of Tea Station of Lishui Agricultural Bureau from 2001 to 2015,according to the meteorological disaster indexes of low temperature and frost, the mathematical statistical methods such as multi-scale trend and correlation analysis were used to analyze the climatic change characteristics of low temperature and frost,and the impact of low temperature and frost on spring tea first plucking date in Lishui. The results showed that the probability of winter freezing damage was the highest in January; the early spring frosts was highest in February, the annual average number of days of mild,moderate and severe spring frosts in February reached 4.8 d,3.9 d and 3.9 d, nearly 62 years. The number of frost days in early spring was significantly decreasing, the climate tendency rate was - 1.3 d every 10 years,and the extreme minimum temperature was increasing,which was about 0.3 ℃ every 10 years. In the three early spring frost level, the mild frost was the main one,which was accounting for 53.8%, the moderate frost and severe frost respectively accounted for 27.4% and 18.8%. The impact of low temperature and frost to spring tea first plucking date was mainly in early spring,especially the light frost. Spring tea first plucking date was in a significant positive correlation with the number of frost days,while it was in a negative correlation with the extreme minimum temperature,namely the more the frost days, the lower the temperature, the time which spring tea need to reach the budding was longer, the first plucking date was corresponding postponed.