Affected by the global changes and many other factors,many river basins in the world are experiencing serious sediment problems and the importance of integrated sediment management has been increasing highlighted. This paper presents an overview on the case studies on sediment management of river basins carried by the International Sediment Initiative (ISI) - IHP -UNESCO. It is concluded that geographical conditions, socio-economic conditions and constructions of hydraulic engineering have major impacts on sediment yield,sediment transportation and water utilization in the river basins. The main sediment problems faced by the world's major river basins at present includes acceleration of soil erosion,reservoir sedimentation,the reduction of downstream sediment load and the destruction of ecological balance. Measures of integrated sediment management for river basins are put forward by summarizing sediment management technologies raised in the ISI case studies,including technical measures such as reservoir sedimentation management,sediment bed load management,land management,soil and water conservation technologies,as well as organization and legal measures.