In this paper,temperature,precipitation,runoff and its influencing factors collected in Tomur Nature Reserve from 1961 to 2015 were analyzed by various methods to provide theoretical foundation for rational utilization of local water resources. Results showed that the air temperature increased by 1.5 ℃ on average in 55 years,where the highest in the middle zone of north slope of the reserve increased by 1.7 ℃,with a increment of 1.2 ℃,1.1 ℃,1.7 ℃ and 1.9 ℃ in spring,summer,autumn and winter,respectively,suggesting both autumn and winter played a more active role in warming than other seasons. In spring,the maximum temperature rise in the alpine zone of the southern slope of the reserve was 1.4 ℃. In summer or autumn,in the middle zone of the northern slope there occurred temperature growth with a maximum value of 1.8 ℃ or 2.3 ℃,respectively,and the highest temperature increase in the lower zone of the southern slope was 2.8 ℃ in winter. The increase rate of annual precipitation was 1.27 mm,with the maximum value of 2.38 mm/a observed in the middle zone of the southern slope. Separately,the annual increase rates amounted to 0.15 mm in spring,0.55 mm in summer,0.41 mm in autumn and 0.13 mm in winter,suggesting summer and autumn more responsible for humidity. In spring,the maximum annual increase rate of precipitation in the alpine zone of the southern slope was 0.32 mm. In summer and autumn,the maximum annual increase rate in the middle zone of the southern slope was 1.03 mm and 0.77 mm,respectively. In winter,the annual increase rate in the middle zone of the northern slope was 0.22 mm. The annual increase rate of runoff in the Tailan River is 0.01 * 10~8 m~3 and in Kumalake River 0.25 * 10~8 m~3. The changes of temperature and precipitation in the reserve were the main factors resulting in runoff change. Especially the effect of spring precipitation and summer air temperature was the most significant.