The Qinling Mountains are important geographical boundary to central and eastern China. They host a variety of ecological systems,but they are susceptible to climate change and human activities. In this research, data including MODIS NDVI,temperature,precipitation,and DEM were collected from the Qinling mountainous area,and the linear trend method,correlation analysis,partial correlation coefficients analysis and the buffer method were used to analyze the responses of NDVI to climate changes and human activities. The results showed that: (1) For the period of 2000 - 2015,NDVI in the Qinling mountainous area exhibited a trend of linear increase,accounting for 84.84% of the total area,whereas the areas with a trend of decreasing NDVI were mainly distributed in the mid-west region (medium and high altitude areas) and some river valleys and basins,such as the areas in the vicinity of the cities of Hanzhong,Ankang and Shangluo. (2) During 2000 - 2014 in the Qinling Mountains,a negative correlation was revealed between NDVI and air temperature,and a positive correlation was revealed between NDVI and precipitation. During this time,air temperature and precipitation had a cross-cutting effect on NDVI,with a higher effect of precipitation (10.05%) than of temperature (9.64%). (3) The change in NDVI was positive in the range of 1 km (vegetation increased),negative in the 2 ~ 5 km range (vegetation deteriorating,possibly subject to vandalism),positive again in the 6 ~ 10 km range (human activities were relatively weak),and stable in the 11 ~ 15 km range (ultimately unaffected by human activities). This study will provide a scientific basis for environmental protection of vegetation in the Qinling Mountains and for regulating human activities.