Agricultural production and human food safety are facing a severe challenge because of the climatic change which is mainly involved with the warming of global climate and the rising of rainfall changing rate. It is the basis for treating against the climate change by knowing the impact of climatic change on agriculture and finding out scientific and technical measures. Based on the meteorological data observed in five provinces (districts) in Northwest China, the temporal and regional trend and spatial distribution characteristics of climatic change in Northwest China in 1961-2012 were studied, the main impact of climatic change on agriculture in Northwest China was discussed by comparison, and adaptive technical measures for dry farming in Northwest China against climatic change was brought forward. The result showed, in the recent 52 a, the air temperature in Northwest China rose significantly, and the trend rate of air temperature change was 0.312 ℃/10 a, the air temperature kept rising from the beginning of 1970s, and the discontinuity point of climatic warming was in 1991. The rainfall changing trend in Northwest China was distinct with a spatial difference, by the border of the Yellow River, rainfall was increasing in the western region while it was decreasing in the eastern region, and the amplitude of rainfall decreasing was distinctly higher than the amplitude of increasing. Climatic warming significantly impacts not only the physiological and biochemical process including crop growth, plant morphology and structure, yield formation and quality, but also the crop planting structure, culturing mode, planting system, and the soil ecological environment in the cultivated farm horizon. Climatic change can be adapted to by optimizing the agricultural planting structure, adjusting the crop planting system, improving the crop culturing mode, upgrading the crop species and enhancing the water-fertilizer coordination, etc. The global climatic change can be challenged by developing and using climatic resources scientifically, and relieving the adverse impact of climatic change.