With climate change,meteorological drought threatened the development of agricultural economy. Used percentage of precipitation anomaly index to describe drought,with precipitation data from weather stations in 16 cities in Shaanxi province,annual drought indices in the recent 50 years(from 1960 to 2013)were calculated.On this basis,analyzing the interannual variation of drought,the spatial distribution characteristics of drought intensity were analyzed by GIS 10.1.It showed that summer precipitation in Shaanxi province was more than that in winter.From northern part to southern part,the average annual precipitation increased. The number of drought event was 15,17,13 in southern part,northern part,guanzhong area of Shaanxi province respectively during this 54 years.The average frequency of drought event was 28%.The average occurrence frequency of light,moderate,serious,extraordinary drought were 19%,6%,1% and 2%respectively.Among them the occurrence frequency of drought in Suide county was the highest(39%). This research would provide a scientific basis for drought monitoring,evaluation,forecast and drought resistance strategy in Shaanxi province.