To cope with climate change,reducing agricultural greenhouse gases emission,developing ecological agriculture and increasing the land utilization rate,a single factor plot experiment was conducted to study the impact of intercropping garlic in winter wheat field on soil methane (CH_4) flux in the agro-meteorological station of Nanjing University of Informationand Science Technology from 2013 to 2014,and its economic and environmental effects were assessed.The results showed that in the treatment of intercropping galic,the fresh mass,panicle mass and 1 000-grain mass of winter wheat can be improved by 134.67%,2.20%,3.51%,respectively; compared with monoculture of winter wheat,the input-output ratio in the treatment of intercropping garlic was increased from 1∶9.80 to 1∶16.70,for the same inputs,the outputs may be increased by 70.41% compared to the control; the CH_4 flux emission from plot treated with garlic was decreased by 38.35% and 16.59% compared with the monoculture of winter wheat in the heading and grain filling stage of wheat,respectively. The accumulative soil CH_4 flux emission in the treatment of garlic was decreased by 53.45% in the whole growing season of winter wheat. The intercropping of garlic and winter wheat can not only mitigate environmental pollution,but also increase land utilization efficiency and economic profits,which is of great significance to reduce the flux of green-house gases in the soil and consequently develop sustainable agriculture.