globalchange  > 气候变化事实与影响
CSCD记录号: CSCD:5957699
论文题名:
锯末添加比例对牛粪贮存过程中氨气和温室气体排放的影响
其他题名: Effects of Sawdust Addition and the Mixing Ratio on Ammonia and Greenhouse Gas Emission from Stored Cattle Manure
作者: 朱海生1; 左福元1; 董红敏2; 栾冬梅3
刊名: 西南大学学报. 自然科学版
ISSN: 1673-9868
出版年: 2017
卷: 39, 期:3, 页码:4335-4345
语种: 中文
中文关键词: 牛粪 ; 添加锯末 ; 贮存 ; 氨气和温室气体
英文关键词: cattle manure ; sawdust addition ; storage ; ammonia ; greenhouse gas
WOS学科分类: AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向: Agriculture
中文摘要: 为了研究添加锯末对牛粪堆积过程中气体排放的影响,试验采用静态箱技术探讨了牛粪单独贮存、牛粪和锯末质量比为2∶1和1∶1(干物质基础)对贮存过程中氨气和温室气体排放的影响.结果表明:在90d贮存期内,牛粪单独贮存、牛粪锯末质量比为2∶1和1∶1的氨气累积排放量分别为16.00,4.54和7.05mg/kg,氧化亚氮累积排放量分别为11.23,19.83和6.86mg/kg,甲烷累积排放量分别为839.87,81.24和65.69mg/kg,二氧化碳累积排放量分别为8.41,59.76和83.83g/kg.添加锯末显著降低了牛粪贮存过程中氨气和甲烷的排放量(p<0.05),但同时也显著增加了二氧化碳的排放量(p<0.05).牛粪锯末质量比为2∶1时,氧化亚氮排放量显著增加(p< 0.05),牛粪锯末质量比为1∶1时氧化亚氮排放量却显著降低(p<0.05).牛粪单独贮存、牛粪锯末质量比为2∶1和1∶1时的总温室气体排放量分别为26.55,7.55和3.68g/kg(CO_2基础),与牛粪单独贮存相比,牛粪锯末质量比为2∶1和1∶1处理组的总温室气体排放量分别降低了71.57%(2∶1)和86.13%(1∶1).
英文摘要: Solid manure heaps can be a significant source of ammonia,nitrous oxide and methane emissions. Nitrous oxide and methane are important greenhouse gases with respective global warming potentials 265 and 28 times higher than that of carbon dioxide.Nitrogen losses via ammonia volatilization during storage may contribute to eutrophication and acidification of the ecosystems.Ammonia and greenhouse gas emission can be influenced by promoting aerobic decomposition during storage.Addition of C-rich bulking agents, such as sawdust,may provide an approach to the reduction of ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions. In a laboratory experiment reported in this paper,the static chamber technique was used to investigate the effects of mixing ratios of sawdust on ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions from stored cattle manure.Three treatments were made:cattle manure without sawdust addition(CM),sawdust addition to the cattle manure at a manure-to-sawdust ratio of 2∶1(M2S1)or 1∶1(M1S1),(W/W,DM basis).Nine polyvinylchloride cylindrical(30cm in diameter and 90cm in height)static vessels were used to measure NH_3 and greenhouse gas emissions.Fresh cattle manure was collected from the Experimental Farm of Rongchang Campus of Southwest University in Chongqing.Having been thoroughly mixed,cattle manure was filled into 9barrels(24.2cm in diameter).The barrels were enveloped by static vessels while gaseous emission was measured.The stacking process commenced on September 27,2014,and gaseous emissions were measured from 9:00a.m.to 10:00a.m.for 90days.The air temperature was 16.5℃ (Maxmium: 24.6℃,Minimum:7.2 ℃),and the relative humidity was 92.6% (Maxmium:96.1%,Minimum: 77.1%)during the period of storage.The results showed that sawdust addition significantly affected NH_3 and greenhouse gas emissions from cattle manure during storage.Compared with CM,cumulative emissions of NH_3 and CH_4 from M2S1 and M1S1 were significantly smaller,and cumulative emissions were 16.00,4.54,and 7.05mg/kg for NH_3(p<0.05),and 839.87,81.24,and 65.69mg/kg for CH_4(p< 0.05)respectively.Conversely,cumulative emissions of CO_2 increased significantly with increasing sawdust addition,and were 8.41,59.76,and 83.83g/kg for CM,M2S1and M1S1,respectively.Cumulative emission of N_2O was significantly higher for M2S1(19.83mg/kg),but was significantly lower for M1S1(6.86mg/kg)than that of CM (11.23mg/kg).On the basis of 100-year global warming potential for CH_4 and N_2O,total greenhouse gas emissions were 26.55,7.55 and 3.68g/kg of manure weight based on CO_2 for CM,M2S1 and M1S1,respectively.Mixing with sawdust significantly decreased total greenhouse gas emissions from cattle manure by 71.57% for M2S1 and by 86.13% for M1S1 compared with CM.Mixing with sawdust during storage of cattle manure was shown to be an effective manure management practice to reduce ammonia and greenhouse gas emissions.
资源类型: 期刊论文
标识符: http://119.78.100.158/handle/2HF3EXSE/153265
Appears in Collections:气候变化事实与影响

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作者单位: 1.西南大学(荣昌校区)动物科学系, 重庆 402460, 中国
2.中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 北京 100081, 中国
3.东北农业大学动物科学技术学院, 哈尔滨, 黑龙江 150030, 中国

Recommended Citation:
朱海生,左福元,董红敏,等. 锯末添加比例对牛粪贮存过程中氨气和温室气体排放的影响[J]. 西南大学学报. 自然科学版,2017-01-01,39(3):4335-4345
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