A laboratory experiment was set up to explore the influences of oil pollution and bacterial-feeding nematodes greenhouse gas emissions and soil microbial activities. There were 5 treatments in this experiment:soil (S) as the control,5.Og/kg oil contaminated soil (SP),5.0g/kg oil contaminated soil + 5 nematodes/g dry soil (SPN5),5.0g/kg oil contaminated soil + 10nematodes/g dry soil (SPN10),5.Og/kg oil contaminated soil + 20 nematodes/g dry soil (SPN20). Compared with the control, the emissions of CO_2, N_2O increased by 7.03~10.16 times, 11.56-32.19 times respectively in oil contaminated soil, and the emission of CH4 wasn't impacted obviously. The oil pollution has seriously aggravated the greenhouse effect judging by the dynamic of global warming potential (GWP), and greenhouse effect has increased by 7.13~10.17times compared with the control. Oil pollution and bacterial-feeding nematodes increased microbial biomass carbon and metabolic entropy (qCO_2) to a certain extent, with the microbial biomass carbon increasing at first and then decreasing. Compared with the control, the metabolic entropy of other treatments was about 6.59-9.83 times higher. The fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis activity was inhibited before being enhanced in oil contaminated soil. While the activities of soil invertase and urease were enhanced in oil contaminated soil. To some extent, the bacterial-feeding nematodes can promote soil enzyme activity, and affect the emissions of greenhouse gases, CO_2, N_2O, and CH_4.