As an ecologically sensitive region with the highest altitude, the Tibetan Plateau has been a hotspot in the study of long-term climate changes. Extreme weather events are related to the regional climate change and are an important component of the study. Based on the daily temperature and precipitation observed at 99 meteorological stations over the Tibetan Plateau during 1960 - 2012, this study calculated a series of climate extreme indices. Firstly, quality control was performed on the raw meteorological observations to eliminate abnormal values. Then the R package RClimDex1.0 was used to compute 15 temperature and 8 precipitation extreme indices. 10 indices were determined by the absolute observed value and 30 indices determined by the threshold approach. This dataset is useful for research on the occurrence frequency and developing trend of extreme events. When used together with regional statistical data, this dataset can also reveal the impacts of climate extremes on agricultural and livestock production.