Under the influence of global warming,Arctic sea routes have become a focus of the world. The large scale development and utilizationof Arctic sea routes may have significant potential influence on China and even the global economics,and the different benefit of each country or region leads to various coping strategies. The authors have built a Computable General Equilibrium model by improving the GTAP model,developed a simulation software,and made analysis on the economic effect of the Northeast Passage. The simulation shows that the Northeast Passage will improve the global economics and different economies benefit variously. East Asia which contains China,and European Union are the major beneficiaries. According to geographical features of the Northeast Passage and its influence on relevant economies,the authors have identified the major interest groups and their opinion towards the development of the passage,and made some advice for China to cooperate with them.