Study on the Eco-efficiency of Land Use Transformation in Jiangsu Province from the Perspective of Carbon Emission Based on the Mixed Directional Distance Function
Ecological efficiency is related to both economy and ecology. It is important to control the environmental impact to the minimum for the normal development of social economy. Greenhouse gas emissions, such as CO_2, are the main causes of global warming and have become the focus problem of improving global environment. In a certain extent, land use transformation affects the land ecology and affects the land ecological efficiency through land input and output. Analyzing the influence mechanism of land use transformation will help minimize the land utilization cost and maximize the ecological value of land. Taking CO_2 emissions as non-expected output index of eco-efficiency, this paper constructed the land use transformation input and output index system and calculated the ecological efficiency and environmental total factor productivity growth of 13 cities in Jiangsu Province during 2006- 2014. The total factor productivity changes were decomposed using mixed directional distance function model and Global Malmquist-Luenberger index. The results showed that the excessive CO_2 emissions and excessive energy consumption caused environmental inefficiency problem in many cities; the average ecological efficiency of Jiangsu Province during 2006- 2014 is 0.827, and the resource intensity and the pollution emission intensity can be increased by 17% on average if we can make full use of current technologies; the ecological efficiency change in Jiangsu Province showed regional differences, and there are spatial correlations and agglomerations of the eco-efficiency; environmental TFP growth, which was mainly caused by pure technical progress, was unbalance among regions; the technological scale change, which is the most important factor of environmental TFP growth, showed the maximum regional differnce, which was the main factor to cause the differences of the environment TFP growth.