The temporal and spatial complexity of global climate change, and the implementing problem of environmental justice, pose main challenges to local planning action. In theory, there exist differences and contradictions between objectives/models of "mitigation-low carbon" and "adaptation-resilience", which leads to complication of deciding the local planning action. In practice, many local planning actions cannot bring about apparent effects as result of lacking integrated coordinative arrangement. In response to local planning actions under climate change, we propose to abide by five principles of overall interests, equal rights and responsibilities, adaptation first, maximum benefits, and compensation behaviors. According to the three criteria of risk exposure, vulnerability, and intensity of carbon emissions, it is suggested to make a rational choice of local planning actions among the five options of adaptation, adaptation supplemented by mitigation, mitigation supplemented by adaptation, mitigation and adaptation, mitigation, and others, as well as suggesting the institute construction at country level to conquer the bottlenecks of local planning at strategy, knowledge, and action phases.