This article reviews 40 years' of reform and opening up and China's transformation into an urban society. From the perspective of development history, the paper illustrates the beautiful visions in China's urban development. It is pointed out that in the new era, China's urban development must always espouse the thinkings on socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. It is necessary to adhere to the international perspective, focus on conurbation areas, take the advantage of cities and promote the establishment of a common human community. At the same time, faced by unprecedented global environmental challenges, urban development is affected by global climate change and natural disasters. There are also public health and social security incidents. It is necessary to study the characteristics of urban development, analyze the relationship between urban innovation and labor quality, and address local conditions. It is necessary to highlight the cultural power of traditional wisdom, make innovations in urban development and urban public resource allocation, and exhibit Chinese wisdom.