In this study, we collected a large number of previous researches, summarized the scale framework of soil organic carbon evolution, the core influencing factors and the driving mechanism of coastal soil organic carbon evolution. The results as shown: 1) At present, research system of soil organic carbon induced by monitoring technologies ignores the social needs in the future, which is inadequate for revealing coastal soil organic carbon change under future climate change; 2) The main influencing factors of soil organic carbon evolution are sediment, topography and burial rate, vegetation and agricultural activities. The types of agricultural activities after reclamation are the core factors influencing the evolution of soil organic carbon, which is much higher than that of natural salt marshes. 3) Different factors play an important role in the evolution of organic carbon at different spatio-temporal scales, in which land use change/cover is the core of soil organic carbon evolution. 4) The research on the organic carbon cycling mechanism at small spatial and long time scale is needed to strengthened. In addition, spatial-temporal scale characteristics of the factors and monitoring technology upgrading are integrated to conduct future studies are of practical significance to guide the study of coastal soil organic carbon in future.