Peat has been recognized as an important geological archive on the reconstruction of Late Quaternary climate change (especially the paleoclimatic changes during Holoence). It is particularly suitable for isotopic geochemistry studies. At first, using plants stable oxygen isotope to reconstruct climate change was reference the tree ring study. The climate implications of stable isotope ratios in different components from tree ring vary locality. We should know that whether this phenomenon also exists in different components of stable isotope ratios peat plants. Besides, a comparison of different regions shows that the climate implications of the values of delta~(18)O from peat plant cellulose vary with locality. The difference of interpretation about the significance of delta~(18)O requires that we should provide modern process research about the peat bog when we use delta~(18)O to reconstruct the palaeoclimate. The Dajiuhu peat(31°24'~ 31°33'N, 109°56'~ 110°11'E; 1730 m a.s.l.) is located in the west of the Shennongjia Forest District, Hubei Province, Central China. The wetlands are rich in biological species, giving priority to meadow vegetation and swamp vegetation and having well-preserved moss vegetation. We sampled modern plants from the Dajiuhu Basin, resulting in a total of 24 samples, mainly include Carex argyi,Sanguisorba officinalis,Polytrichum commune and Typha orientalis Presl. In this study, the delta~(18)O values of different tissue components of plants in the Dajiuhu peatbog were analyzed, and correlation analysis was performed on climatic factors influencing the holocellulose and alpha-cellulose values of delta~(18)O in plants of this area. The test results show that delta~(18)O values of a-cellulose range from 21.08~ 29.09 and delta~(18)O values of holocellulose range from 19.83 ~ 29.09%o. Values of delta~(18)O are more dispersed in this area, with the average of 25.09%o. Carex plants have more enrichment of the heavy oxygen isotopes than the moss plants. On the basis of relative analyses, there were no significant correlations between alpha-cellulose and holocellulose in the time series. At the same time,the relationship between delta~(18)O of a-cellulose and climate or environment factors was statistically significant. On the contrary, there were no significant correlations between holocellulose and climate or environment factors. The results indicate that temperature is a major factor influencing the values of delta~(18)O in plants of this area. We found that delta~(18)O of a-cellulose are more susceptible to climatic conditions. Therefore, the delta~(18)O values of a-cellulose are more suited to study past climate changes. Our results confirmed previous argument that the delta~(18)O values of peat cellulose could indicate the change in temperature in the monsoonal area of China.