Here we present a 137-year June-August mean minimum temperature reconstruction based on tree-ring widths of Larix chinensis in the Taibai Mountain National Nature Reserve in the central area of the Qinling Mountains, Shaanxi Province in Northwestern China. A total of 45 cores from 45 living trees were extracted from this area (33.97°N, 107.7°E ; 3274 m a.s.l.) in August, 2008. All cores were air-dried prior to mounting and sanding, and samples were prepared following standard dendrochronological techniques. To mitigate potential trend distortion problem in traditionally detrended chronology, we used a signal-free method to detrend tree-ring series using RCSigFree program. Finally, the stabilized signal-free chronology was used for the subsequent analysis. Climate-growth correlation analysis revealed that the growing season temperature was the main climatic factor controlling tree-ring growth in the Taibai Mountain. The precipitation on the growth effect is relatively weak. According to the stronger relationship(r = 0.673,p<0.01) between June-August mean minimum temperature in the current year and tree-ring widths chronology, we reconstruct the June-August mean minimum temperature in the Qinling Mountains using a simple liner regression model. The reconstruction equation explained 45.3% of the variance of the mean minimum temperature (1959 ~2008). The equation is checked by leave-one-out and calibration-verification methods. The regression equation is deemed stable and reliable. Four cold periods ( 1881 ~1901,1908 ~ 1926,1946~1957, and 1963 ~1978) and one warm periods(1990~2008) occurred in this region for the past 137 a. We found that the cold and warm periods of the reconstructed sequences were in accordance with other temperature events in the southeastern Qinling Mountains on decadal timescales, which further demonstrated the reliability of the reconstructed results. Spatial correlation analyses with a gridded temperature dataset showed that our temperature reconstruction sequences has a good representation for the variation of June-August mean minimum temperature in the Qinling Mountains( 26°~43°N, 104°~ 122°E) . In addition, the spatial analysis with SST data also showed that the temperature reconstruction sequences of this study had a significant positive correlation with the Pacific Ocean sea-surface temperatures (SSTs) . Power spectrum reveals the existence of significant frequency cycles of variability at 2.5 a and 5.7 a (p < 0.01),which may be linked to large-scale atmospheric -oceanic variability, such as the El Nino-Southern Oscillation(ENSO). At the same time, June-August mean minimum temperature had a better correspondence with ENSO and PDO in the comparison of interannual and decadal scales. To sum up, ENSO and PDO may influence June-August mean minimum temperature through their teleconnection in the Qinling Mountains. This reconstruction is not only useful in improving our knowledge of long-term temperature variation but also useful in predicting the tree growth dynamics in the future in the study area.