Long time series of daily air temperature and precipitation data,that were recorded at five meteorological observation stations in the Yeerqiang river basin,were employed to analyze the spatial distributions and changes of these meteorological elements in this basin during the past decades. In this research,Mann-Kendall method was used to determine trends in climate data and to detect abrupt changes within the trend and seasonal components,respectively,and R/S method was used to analyze the future trend of climate change. The result shows that the climate of the Yeerqiang River basin was arid; the annual precipitation was increasing in last 50 years,but its trend was not obvious and the abrupt change point did not appear. However,air temperature in this region have showed unprecedented growth rate,and the annual mean temperature increased at a rate of 0.23℃ /10a,and the warming trend hade obvious mutational point,the years was concentrate on the end of the 1980s to 1990s. The R/S analysis shows that future climate trend is in accordance with the past 50 years,a warming and wetting evolvement trend is the most likely phenomenon.