Remote sensing has been widely used in the study of natural geographical environment as an effective method to monitor the large-scale of surface. Among them,as a regular and periodic event in nature,vegetation phenology plays an important role in the natural environment,especially climate change. With Shaanxi Province as the study area and on the basis of the time series reconstruction of the MODIS NDVI data by using the Savitzky-Golay filtering method,the authors extracted and analyzed the vegetation phenology parameters of Shaanxi Province for the spatio-temporal changes from 2001 to 2016. The conclusions are as follows: ①The spatial distribution characteristics of vegetation phenology are in good agreement with the spatial distribution of different landforms in Shaanxi Province. ②The average start of season( SOS) was on the 120th day,the average end of season( EOS) was on the 280th day,and the average length of season( LOS) was 160 days; ③ From 2001 to 2016,the change of SOS was-0.79 d /a ( R~2 = 0.4,P < 0.01),the EOS was 0.50 d /a ( R~2 = 0.25,P < 0.05),and the LOS was 1.29 d /a( R~2 = 0.37,P < 0.05); ④ In the period of different phenological stages,the spatial distribution of phenological change trend of vegetation in Shaanxi Province is relatively large.