In the context of the green revolution and the energy revolution, sustainable development concept has aroused great concern. New energy industries not only contribute to the health of the national economy but also essential for environmental protection and climate change which calls for more research from economic geography. Based on incentive policies and industrial characteristics, this paper analyzed the spatial pattern of China PV industry under the background of US and EU anti-dumping and countervailing. The results reveal that: (1) The distribution of PV industry in China is decreasing from east to west, mainly in the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta; (2) European and American trade protection policies inhibit the development of China PV industry and promote its further accumulation to the Yangtze River Delta; (3) Environmental regulation and environmental quality are only beneficial to the development of photovoltaic in the eastern region. Under external shock, there is less negative impact in regions where has strict environmental regulation and high environmental quality. This study suggests that in the guidance of the photovoltaic industry, governments should attach importance to the characteristics of the industry and the factor endowment of different regions.