In this study, based on daily gauge precipitation data of 2480 stations from 1961 to 2016, the summer extreme precipitation event was defined using the 95th percentile, and the changes in persistent (last for at least 2 d) and non-persistent (1 d) extreme event in China were analyzed. The results indicate that under global warming, the contribution of extreme precipitation to total precipitation increased in most of China, but it decreased in the central part of Inner Mongolia and the Sichuan Basin. In North China and Southwest China, both persistent and non-persistent extreme precipitation totals decreased; the decreasing trend of persistent extreme precipitation was more significant; extreme precipitation event occurred as non-persistent event. Meanwhile, in the Yangtze River Basin and South China, both extreme precipitation totals increased; especially persistent extreme precipitation increased obviously; extreme precipitation events occurred more as persistent ones.