The discharges during the ablation and non-ablation periods of the Kuytun River Basin were analyzed by using the meteorological data from Usu Meteorological Station and hydrological data from Jiangjunmiao Hydrological Station during 19642009. Combined with the data from the First and Second Chinese Glacier Inventories and the China Meteorological Forcing Dataset ( CMFD) with the resolution of 0.1° * 0.1°,the discharge during ablation period was simulated using the BP artificial neural network,and the sensitivity analysis of climate change was examined. The results showed that: ( 1) The annual discharge from the Kuytun River Basin presented an generally increasing trend. The trend magnitude of discharge during ablation period was close to the annual value. There was no significant trend during the non-ablation period. ( 2) The comparative analysis indicated that the BP artificial neural network model showed a best performance when the five meteorological elements ( air temperature, precipitation amount,sunshine duration,wind speed and relative humidity) were applied as input data. The best structure of BP artificial neural network model was 5-7-1,which was determined by the change of glacier volume of the First and Second Chinese Glacier Inventories. ( 3 ) The air temperature,precipitation amount,sunshine duration and relative humidity during the ablation period of the Kuytun River Basin all played important roles in promoting discharge,but the wind speed was the opposite. The discharge was more sensitive to air temperature, precipitation amount and sunshine duration. The discharge will rise by 4.62%,9.13% and 18.30% relative to the mean value during 2000 - 2009,when precipitation amount remains stable and air temperature rises by 0.5 ℃, 1 ℃ and 2 ℃,respectively. When air temperature keeps constant and precipitation amount rises by 10%,the discharge will rise by 9.78%. When air temperature and precipitation amount change simultaneously,the increase of discharge will be significantly higher than that if only air temperature or precipitation amount changes.