Based on the mean temperature data of 47 meteorological stations in Songhua River Basin from 1979 to 2015,the temperature characteristics of annual and four seasons are analyzed by linear inclination estimation, moving average,Mann-Kendal test and spatial interpolation. The results show that: (1) during the period from 1979 to 2015,the average temperature of the Songhua River and the three sub-basins varied at different degrees in the year and the temperature rise rate of the Songhua River was 0.29℃/decade,and were 0.31℃/decade for the Nenjiang River and the second Songhua River Basin; the average temperature around the 20th century from the late 80s significantly increased,in the 21st century,the temperature had dropped, which was the most significant in the winter; (2) in the past 37 years,the trend of climate change in Songhua River and three sub-basins had high synchronization,the abrupt change in Songhua River and the three sub-basins occurred in 1989,the abrupt change in spring and autumn mainly occurred in the late 1980s,the abrupt change in summer mainly occurred in the late 90s,and the abrupt change in the winter mainly occurred in the 1986; (3) the variation rate of air temperature in the Songhua River basin unevenly distributed,the change rates of air temperature in the Xiaoergou, Harbin and the southern part of the second Songhua River were greater,the average temperature change tendency rates of Fujin,Tailai and Jiamusi were low.