The groundwater table in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Plain has declined continuously since 1960, which has restricted the integration of development in this region. In the present study, the climatic and anthropogenic factors were represented by natural, economic, social indicators including precipitation, temperature, evaporation, gross value of industrial output, food production, population and surface runoff. The change trend of these indicators in the past 50 years were analyzed using M-K method. Moreover, the major factors that have contributed to groundwater table change were quantitatively identified using grey system theory and principal component regression analysis. The results show that the precipitation and surface runoff decreased due to reservoirs construction in the piedmont have declining trends while temperature, evaporation, industrial output, food production, population all have increasing trends. Furthermore, human activities should be considered as the primary force driving the groundwater table downwith contribution ratio reaching as high as 60.6%, climate change enhanced the declining trend with 39.4% of the contribution ratio.