As research progress in the Past Global Changes, scientists understand that Earth' s paleoclimate varies at quasi-periodicities ranging from millennial to decadal timescale and intervened by abrupt paleoclimatic events besides the low-frequency orbital variations. In order to well understand these variations,the time resolution of paleoclimatic archives should be at annual-decadal timescale, and cover longer time scale and enrich in paleoclimatic information. Maar Lakes are the products of Phreatomagmatic volcanic eruptions. They can provide a continuously sedimentary record spanning hundreds of thousands of years. In China,Maar lakes distribute from tropical to the North Temperate Zone,and are ideal documents for studying regional climatic variability and dynamics at different temporal scales. In view of Maar lakes in China,we present some scientific questions that may be obtained from Maar lake archives. On the orbital timescale,a challenging scientific question is what time the next glacial age will be onset. The sedimentary record in tropical maar lakes in southern China span at least four glacial-interglacial cycles. They provide excellent document for understanding scientific questions such as predicting the onset of next ice age,the interaction of ice sheet dynamics and carbon cycle, and links between high and low latitude. On the millennial timescale,one of the puzzling features of Earth's past climate is that a series of paleoclimatic oscillations occurred roughly at millennial years and abrupt paleoclimatic events recorded in paleoclimatic archives. They may be inherent nature in Earth,but with different physical appearances and dynamic origins. In order to gain an overall view on a hemispherical scale, regional sedimentary documents derived from different localities will greatly help us to integrate regional data and understand dynamics between atmospheres and oceans. On annual to decadal timescale,the paleoclimatic data of last two millennia is a key data-base of global network. As a basis for evaluating and projecting global changes,PAGES,IPCC and Asia-2K are striving for this goal. Archives from sediments of Maar lakes,especially annually laminated sediments, will provide high-resolution dataset in data-sparse regions.