The change of climate and land type directly influences the regional water use.To study the characteristics of regional water consumption impacted bv the change of climate and land use/cover,Aksu oasis which is the typical ecologically fragile zone of the Tarim River basin upstream,is selected as study area.Based on meteorological data of from 1961 to 2016,the change characteristics of such meteorological factors as temperature,precipitation,sun shine and wind speed is analyzed.Combined with the change of 25 year land use/cover,the variation of water consumption characteristics is examined.The study results show that:(1) in recent years,the climate change in study area remained consistent with global warming,revealing obvious warming and humidification trend.Land use and land cover greatly changed;especially,farmland area expanded from 4 650.74km~2 in 1991 to 8 759.74km~2 in 2016,with 88.35% increase.(2) the streamflow of the Aksu River indicated a dramatically increase trend,with an average adding rate of 1.87*10~8m~3/10a.However,the blue water(agricultural irrigation) consumption of Aksu Oasis showed increase trend,and the outflow to Tarim River was less and less.(3) Due to temperature rise,the amount of evaporation and crop water requirement significantly increased.Meanwhile,the area of crop planting continuously expanded.Hence,total amount of green water(green water flow) consumption in Aksu oasis dramatically increased.