The characteristics of runoff and sediment evolution in the Tingjiang River watershed under climate change and human activities are analyzed by means of cumulative anomalies and Morlet wavelet analysis based on measured runoff and sediment data in Changting segment from 1982 to 2014. Results indicate that runoff and sediment load distribution are both uneven within the years,with runoff mainly concentrated from March to June while sediment from March to June and in August; runoff and sediment load experienced twice abrupt changes during 1982 - 2014,once in 1991,and the other in 2000. Runoff and sediment load reduced from 1982 to 1991,and increased in the next 8 years from 1992 to 2000,and then reduced again from 2001 to 2014. The time series of runoff and sediment load during 1982 - 2014 demonstrated significant cyclicality,with the first principal cycle of runoff and sediment of 44 and 18 months,respectively.