Food is one of the basic human needs. Achieving food security is one of the important goals ofThe 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. However, there is lack of system review of mutual influence between safeguarding food security and global climate change. Accordingly, this paper reports a critical review of the existing researches related to interactions between ensuring food security and global climate change. Effects of global climate change on the food system, impacts of ensuring food security on global climate change and adapting food security strategies against global climate change were systematically reviewed. The results indicated that, firstly, global climate change had increased uncertainty in the food system which had great impact on China's food production. Secondly, demand for food was one of the main drivers of global climate change, and the reconfiguration of crop production elements exacerbated global climate change. Thirdly, a synthetic approach is required for food security adaption strategies against global climate change, specifically, in the micro- level promoting technological progress and scientific management, in the meso- level strengthening resources and environment protection, and in the macro- level adhering to the laws of market and improving food policy system. Moreover, under the background of global climate change, research on ensuring food security presents two major trends: one is the change from single discipline, one dimension and single means into multi- disciplinary, multi- scale, multi- factor, comprehensive and integrated approach; the other is to turn a high- carbon food system into a low-carbon and high-efficient food system.