【Objective】To clarify the response of nitrogen mineralization to soil moisture and temperature in order to provide a scientific basis for the evaluation on regional soil nitrogen supply potential,and prediction of the impacts of regional hydrothermal changes on soil nitrogen mineralization.【Method】A laboratory incubation experiment was conducted to study the effects of different temperatures(5,15,25 and 35℃)and moistures(20%,40%,60%and 80%field water capacity,FWC)on soil nitrogen mineralization (0 to 20 cm)of the evergreen broad-leaved forest in rainy area of western China.【Result】Soil temperature and moisture significantly affected the soil nitrogen mineralization(P<0.05).Under same moisture condition, soil net ammonification rate,net nitrification rate and net nitrogen mineralization rate increased with the increase of temperature and reached the maximum under 25℃treatment,and then decreased with the increase of temperature.Under same temperature,the soil net ammonification rate,net nitrification rate and net nitrogen mineralization rate increased with the increase of moisture and reached the maximum under 60% FWC treatment,and then decreased with increase of moisture.In all treatments,the soil net ammonification rate,net nitrification rate and net nitrogen mineralization rate were highest under 25 ℃ and 60% FWC treatment;and they reached the minimum under 5℃and 20%FWC treatment.The optimal temperature and moisture of soil net nitrogen mineralization were 25.8℃and 57.4%FWC.Ammonium accounted for 54.1%to 61.7% of inorganic nitrogen derived from net N mineralization.Q10 decreased with the increase of temperature in range of 5 to 35℃.Net nitrogen mineralization was most sensitive at 5 to 15℃. 【Conclusion】Appropriate soil temperature and moisture are important for promoting nitrogen mineralization rate of the evergreen broad-leaved forest.To some extent,the climate warming can promote nitrogen mineralization and enhance soil nitrogen supply potential,but rainfall increases the risk of soil nitrogen leaching in research area.