Assessment and prediction models play an important role in responding to epidemics and biohazards. Many factors drive the rapid development of epidemics and biohazards assessment modeling, including advances in biotechnology and data procurement and great demand from public health. Based on papers from Web of Science, this article analyses the evolution and research hotspots in the field of epidemics and biohazard assessment modeling, and compares the international and domestic status of this field. The results show that the field is closely related to epidemic/pandemic outbreaks, and it considers more and more factors in modeling, from diseases or viruses to climate change, ambient temperature and humidity, and the influence of human behavior and animal vectors. Vector-borne diseases and modeling methods improvement are the current research hotspots in this field. New technologies, such as machine learning, have been adopted in some modeling systems. China has established a nationwide monitoring system of epidemics and related hazards, it is urgent to improve the capability of assessment and prediction.