By considering the coupling of landscape patterns and space,the evolution of landscape patterns in Tarim Basin was studied through analyzing multi‑source remote sensing images.The influence of landscape pattern on carbon budget was also investigated in this study.The results show that:(1)The vegetation condition in Tarim Basin becomes better due to the positive influence of climate change and human activities.The woodland area and the cultivated area both significantly increased while the grassland area slightly increased;(2)The carbon budget in Tarim Basin is in good condition with carbon sequestration.Its capacity gradually increased from 2001 to 2010;(3)Although current human activities including sand prevention and carbon fixation,water delivery,and water conductivity improved the ecological environment in Tarim Basin,further ecological management should be carried out considering climate change impacts.