Wetland plays an important role in stabilizing climate change and makes a significant contribution to global soil carbon storage due to its huge carbon storage capacity. Based on a summary of estimation methods of carbon storage,this study analyzed carbon storage and its influencing factors of typical wetlands in China, inclusing climate, vegetation, soil property and land use. The results showed that wetlands in Northeast China and the Tibetan Plateau had the highest carbon storage among the eight wetland areas. Peat wetland had the highest carbon storage in inland area due to its higher stability, lower decomposition rate , and the impact of phenol oxidase. The bidirectional interference of single factor and combined effects of multiple factors made the influencing factors and mechanisms more complicated. Our results would contribute to the prediction and evaluation of wetland carbon storage and the value of ecosystem services through laying emphasis on the combined effects of multiple factors and applying the data assimilation technology.