Vegetation cover is an important indicator to assess the function of regional environment.In this study,based on the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)NDVI data set and the historical climate observations,the Linear regression,Hurst index and correlation analysis methods were combined to investigate the spatial-temporal change of vegetation cover and its climatic driving in Henan Province since the 21 st century.The results showed that:Overall,the vegetation cover of Henan Province exhibited a pronounced geographical heterogeneity,and NDVI frequency was characterized by a unimodal structure.A majority(84.59%)of Henan Province displayed an increasing trend in annual NDVI with significant increase in 57.48% of the entire area,with an average rate of 4% per 10 years at the regional scale during the last 16 years.In future,the same characteristics of vegetation cover change would be stronger indicating that vegetation cover in most part of the study area is predicted to increase,while its degradation trends are mainly found in the parts of Zhengzhou City,Luoyang City and Jiaozuo City.In addition,the vegetation cover trends showed a remarkable heterogeneous corresponding to regional climate variations.Increase in the vegetation cover over the plain areas was primarily attributed to the annual average temperature rising,but annual average maximum temperature change was responsible for the decreased vegetation growth in the mountain region.