The pilot project for enclosure-rehabilitation of desertification land in Cuogang started in 2013. In this study,we used the time series MODIS NDVI dataset in 2001 - 2017 to analyze the vegetation spatial-temporal trend. And the effects were evaluated by precipitation use efficiency and NDVI residual trend analysis. Before the enclosure (2001-2013) ,vegetation trends in and outside the reserve were similar. While after the enclosure (2013- 2017) ,vegetation outside the reserve showed significant decreasing trend. In 2016 and 2017,the NDVI anomaly percentages inside the reserve was higher that the outside. Standardized precipitation index (SPI) analysis showed that Cuogang has experienced constant drought in 2015-2017,which had caused vegetation degradation. Results of precipitation use efficiency and NDVI residual trend analysis showed that the implementation of the project has significantly increased the vegetation efficiency of precipitation utilization,improved the capability of sandland vegetation in adapting to climate change,effectively protected the sandland vegetation by minimizing the drought impact on vegetation growth.