Lake Lugu, located at the southeastern Tibetan Plateau (27°40'~27°44'N,100°46'~100°55'E),is the second largest deep plateau-lake in Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau. A 880cm long core (at 27o40'49"N, 100°48'00"E) taken from 44. 5m water depth of the lake shows that its sediments are rich in organic matters with leaf remains but without distinguishable physical features. The age-depth model of the Lake Lugu core is established from 16 AMS14C dates. This paper presents pollen assemblages of its upper 474cm, together with the measurement of the TOC and CaCO3 to reconstruct past vegetation and environment changes during the last 15000 years. Among the 70 samples analyzed, a total of 81 pollen and spore taxa were identified. Trees were the dominant pollen in the entire profile and the average content of trees was 92. 1%, and the maximum value was as high as 97. 3%. On average, herb accounts for 7. 9% on average. One of the typical features from the pollen diagram identified from the sediments from Lake Lugu is that the content of Pinus spp. is high all through the profile, which averagely can reach about 38. 5% ~74. 6%. The samples from the top 3cm contents too much water than sediments, therefore, it's difficult to sample and they were not considered here. Based on the pollen percentages of the major taxa and CONISS results, the pollen record from the Lake Lugu was divided into six main zones: (1) From 15000a B.P. to 12300a B.P., pine forests together with alpine coniferous and broadleaved mixed forests occupied the drainage of Lake Lugu, indicating a cool and humid conditions. (2) It was followed by a warm and dry period marked with a decline of pine forests and an increase of deciduous broadleaved forests from 12300a B.P. to 10300a B.P. (3) During the Early and Middle Holocene (10300 ~7500a B.P. and 7500 ~3800a B. P.), high coverage vegetation was dominated by pine forests, together with a few alpine coniferous forests consisting of hemlock, fir and spruce, indicating warmer and wetter conditions than those in 15000~12300a B.P. However, more evergreen oaks occurred in the Middle Holocene, suggesting that climatic conditions were not as humid as in the Early Holocene. (4) Pollen spectra from 3800a B.P. to 3300a B. P. showed a marked decline of pine forests and a distinct expansion of sclerophyllous evergreen oak forests, reflecting a 500-year cool and dry climate event. (5) From 3300a B.P. to the present, pine forests recovered from its shrink of 3800~3300a B. P., but did not reach the Early and Middle Holocene level ; evergreen broadleaved Cyclobalanopsis forests and coniferous hemlock-fir-spruce forests frequently occurred in the lake drainage. Past vegetation indicated that temperature and humidity in the Late Holocene were lower than those in the Early and Middle Holocene. Lake environmental changes revealed by TOC and CaC03 were consistent with climatic changes reflected by pollen spectra. The TOC contents vary between 3. 78% ~ 13. 80% (with average of 8.79%). Low lake levels were generally parallel with cool and dry climatic conditions. TIC content is one of the proxies for water levels. Based on this assumption, it is believed that high lake levels appeared between 13600a B.P. and 3800a B.P., during that period the water level fluctuated with a periodicity of 600 ~ 1230a. Overall, pollen, TOC, and CaC03 records from Lake Lugu revealed a trend of temperature rise-high temperature-temperature drop, superimposed with a series of cool and dry events.