[Objective] The paper studied the effects of different rotation modes on soil CO_2 emission,to provide a reference for farmland carbon sequestration and emission reduction.[Method] Long-term field experiments were conducted to research the dynamic variation of CO_2 emission fluxes under 4 rotation modes (winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-summer fallow,winter wheat-summer maize (Zea mays L.),winter wheat-summer soybean (Glycine max (Linn.) Merr.),and winter rape (Brassica campestris L.)-summer maize) during winter wheat and winter rape growth period from March to June in 2012.The relationship between soil CO_2 emission with soil temperature and soil moisture was analyzed as well.[Result] CO_2 emission fluxes had significant fluctuation under different rotation modes.The CO_2 emission fluxes of four modes were in a decreasing order of winter wheat-summer maize(13.91 mumol/(m~2·s))>winter wheat-summer soybean(9.09 mumol/(m~2·s))>winter wheat-summer fallow(6.43 mumol/(m~2·s))>winter rape-summer maize(4.56 mumol/(m~2·s))with extremely significant difference (P<0.01) within different modes.Winter wheat-summer fallow mode had the lowest soil temperature of 14.49 ℃,the highest soil moisture of 13.28%,and the lowest correlation coefficients with CO_2 emission flux.It is indicated that soil temperature and moisture had less effect on CO_2 emission flux in winter wheat-summer fallow mode.[Conclusion] Winter rape-summer maize model was the best treatment to reduce agricultural greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate global climate change among the 4 tested rotation modes.